Hydrothermal reactor

The hydrothermal reactor, also known as a polymerization reactor, can be manually tightened with a screw mechanism. Its maximum operating temperature reaches 230°C, while its highest applicable temperature is 180°C. It is also referred to as a high-pressure digestion vessel, digestion tank, pressure autoclave, digestion pot, hydrothermal synthesis reactor, laboratory reactor, hydrothermal synthesis vessel, high-pressure vessel, or simply reactor. The hydrothermal reactor is a sealed container capable of decomposing insoluble substances. It is widely used in sample preparation for analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy and plasma emission spectrometry. By creating a highly acidic or alkaline environment within the vessel under high temperature and pressure conditions, it enables rapid digestion of even the most refractory materials. Additionally, it can be employed for small-scale synthesis reactions. Consequently, it finds extensive application in production and research across various fields including biomedicine, petrochemicals, materials science, environmental science, food science, geochemistry, and commodity inspection. The hydrothermal reactor is an ideal tool for digesting samples when determining trace and ultra-trace elements. It can be utilized in the determination of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, calcium, copper, cadmium, iron, manganese, and mercury, as well as in hydrothermal synthesis, organic synthesis, sample digestion and extraction, and crystal growth. Moreover, it serves as a highly corrosion-resistant, high-temperature, and high-purity reaction vessel suitable for pre-treatment and digestion of agricultural residues, sludge, aquatic products, food, heavy metals, organic compounds, rare earth elements, and other materials. Key features of the hydrothermal reactor include: 1) No harmful substances are released; it exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, ensuring safe use and minimizing pollution. 2) After pressurization and heating, it can rapidly dissolve, without loss, samples containing volatile elements and those that are notoriously difficult to dissolve under normal conditions. 3) The hydrothermal reactor boasts a rational design, an attractive appearance, simple operation, reliable data, and shortened analysis times. 4) The hydrothermal reactor can replace platinum crucibles to address the challenge of sample digestion in the analysis of trace elements in high-purity alumina. It is equipped with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) liner inside, which provides resistance to acids, bases, and other corrosive agents, along with double-layer protection.

Hydrogenation Reactor

The hydrogenation reactor boasts advantages such as high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, hygienic properties, rapid heat transfer, and zero environmental pollution. It is widely used in industries including pharmaceuticals, chemical engineering, and food processing. The reactor is constructed from 304 stainless steel. Its design features an optimal diameter-to-height ratio, and the stirring device can be customized according to specific requirements. The stirring shaft seal employs a pressure-resistant, hygienic mechanical seal to maintain the working pressure inside the vessel and prevent leakage of materials, thereby avoiding unnecessary material loss and contamination. The hydrogenation reactor consists of several key components: a jacket, a reactor body, a stirrer, a drive mechanism, a shaft seal assembly, a reactor lid, and supporting structures. Additionally, it offers convenient installation and maintenance, has a long service life, high structural strength, and occupies a small footprint, making it currently one of the most ideal pieces of equipment for treating high-concentration acidic and alkaline waste gases. The hydrogenation reactor is equipped with an explosion-proof control system, an explosion-proof motor, and explosion-proof electric heating elements to meet laboratory explosion-proof standards, and it also includes an antistatic device. The grounding resistance of the hydrogenation reactor shall not exceed 0.1 ohms. The 5-liter hydrogenation reactor operates using a motor-driven heating method, with internal coil cooling. The 50-liter hydrogenation reactor comes with an installation platform and a lifting device for the reactor lid. The 50-liter hydrogenation reactor uses thermal oil as its heating medium and employs internal coil cooling. Hydrogenation reactors are primarily used in the production of xylitol, maltitol, sorbitol, furfural alcohol, and pharmaceutical intermediates. Since hydrogen gas is highly explosive and flammable—when its concentration in air reaches a certain level and it encounters an open flame, it can explode—temperature sensors, pressure sensors, explosion-proof heaters, and other similar devices must be selected for the reactor. All electrical equipment must be explosion-proof. Therefore, when using this reactor for hydrogenation reactions, all equipment that could potentially generate sparks should be replaced with explosion-proof alternatives, and the drive motor must be an explosion-proof motor.

Hastelloy Reactor

Hastelloy reactors are widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, dyes, pharmaceuticals, rubber, pesticides, and food processing. They serve as pressure vessels designed to carry out various process operations including vulcanization, nitration, polymerization, condensation, hydrogenation, and hydrocarbonization. The materials commonly used include nickel-based alloys (such as Hastelloy, Monel, and Inconel), carbon-manganese steel, stainless steel, zirconium, non-ferrous alloys, and other composite materials. Key features of Hastelloy reactors: These alloys exhibit excellent chemical corrosion resistance in a variety of reducing media and can withstand chemical corrosion from hydrochloric acid of any concentration at ambient pressure and any temperature. They boast superior sealing performance, outstanding corrosion resistance, hygienic properties, rapid heating capabilities, high-temperature resistance, and zero environmental pollution. Additionally, they are highly resistant to corrosion by halogen-containing catalysts. Their chemical properties are stable, reliable, and durable.

Hydrogenation Reactor

Reactor manufacturer

Method for the Air-tightness Test of Lined High-pressure Reactors

To test the air tightness of lined high-pressure reactors, follow these procedures: 1. The test temperature shall be room temperature. 2. During the test, the pressure should be increased slowly. After reaching the specified test pressure, hold the pressure for 30 minutes and perform leak inspections on all welded joints and connection points. For small-sized high-pressure reactors, the leak test can be conducted by immersing the reactor in water. 3. If any leaks are detected, repair the leaking areas and then repeat the air-tightness test. 4. The gaps between the lining layer and the base material shall also undergo an air-tightness test at the equipment’s design pressure. For composite plate high-pressure reactors, the gaps between the cladding weld joints and the base material shall similarly be subjected to an air-tightness test.

High-pressure reactor vessel and lid sealing

The high-pressure reactor is a precision piece of equipment. Its sealing surface relies on the mutual contact between conical surfaces for sealing; therefore, the two mating sealing surfaces must never be damaged or scratched. When installing the reactor lid, first place the reactor body in position, then carefully align and secure the lid onto the bolts. When tightening the bolts, always follow a diagonal, symmetrical pattern, applying even pressure in several stages. This ensures that the sealing surfaces between the lid and the reactor body achieve the best possible seal. At the same time, avoid applying excessive force—too much torque can accelerate wear and reduce the service life of the sealing surfaces. After removing the reactor lid, it is recommended to use a dedicated rack specifically designed for storing the lid, thereby preventing damage caused by various factors.

Introduction to the Types and Functions of Valves Equipped on Laboratory Reactors

Laboratory reactor manufacturers equip their production processes with a variety of valves, each of which has its own unique characteristics and application areas. First, the gate valve: This is a commonly used shut-off valve designed to connect or isolate the medium in a pipeline; however, it is not suitable for regulating the flow rate of the medium. Gate valves are typically employed in laboratory reactors where pressure, temperature, and pipe diameter can vary significantly. Second, the globe valve: Also a type of shut-off valve, similar to the gate valve—but unlike the gate valve, the globe valve is more appropriate for applications involving smaller pipe diameters. Third, the throttling valve controls fluid pressure and flow rate by altering the cross-sectional area of the flow passage. It is a type of control valve; however, due to its design...

The technical parameters of the stainless steel reactor have received unanimous acclaim both domestically and internationally.

Stainless steel reactors offer advantages such as rapid heating, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, hygiene, no environmental pollution, automatic temperature control without the need for a boiler, and ease of use. They are widely used by manufacturing enterprises in industries including petroleum, chemical engineering, rubber, pesticides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and food, as well as in various scientific research and experimental projects. These reactors serve as vessels for carrying out a wide range of process operations, including hydrolysis, neutralization, crystallization, distillation, evaporation, storage, hydrogenation, hydrocarbonization, polymerization, condensation, heated mixing, and constant-temperature reactions. A key feature of stainless steel reactors is their internally polished mirror-finish surface, which ensures there are no sanitary dead spots. The fully enclosed design guarantees that materials remain in a sterile environment at all times. The exterior surface can be optionally coated with a spray finish.

The Role of Baffles Installed Inside Magnetic Stirred Reactors and Determination of Relevant Data

Sometimes, baffles are added to the inner wall of a magnetic stirrer reactor. The functions of these baffles are as follows: First, when the viscosity of the material is relatively low, the high-speed rotation of the impeller generates a tangential flow under the influence of centrifugal force, which causes the liquid to be flung toward the reactor walls and rise along the perimeter of the vessel, while the liquid level in the center naturally drops, thereby forming a large depression inside the magnetic stirrer reactor—this phenomenon is referred to as "whirlpool formation." The material caught in the whirlpool rotates closely along with the stirring shaft and fails to achieve adequate mixing. If the mixture contains multiple phases, phase separation or layering may occur. Second, when the viscosity of the material is relatively high, a large amount of air is drawn into the surface of the liquid layer, reducing the liquid's surface tension.

Design Method for Industrial Reactors

Before manufacturing, industrial reactors must have their volume, vessel dimensions, and cylinder wall thickness confirmed based on the requirements of the production process. Below, the designers from Weihai Self-Control Reactor Co., Ltd. will guide you through simple conversions related to these issues. I. Volume: The material balance should be calculated based on the reaction time and target production volume. (1) Calculate the processing capacity of raw materials or the output of products per unit time. Using this processing capacity or output along with the rate equation, determine the reaction time. Based on the reaction time, calculate the effective volume of the reactor. The total volume of the equipment is equal to the effective volume divided by a factor of 0.6 to 0.8. II. Nominal Pressure for the Reaction: When the reaction…

2016 Shanghai International Reactor Exhibition

The “2016 Shanghai International Reactor and Mixing Technology Equipment Exhibition” was grandly held from December 1 to 3, 2016 at the Shanghai New International Expo Center. ◆ Exhibition Scope: ▲ Reactors: High-pressure reactors, hydrogenation reactors, magnetic stirrer reactors, chemical reactors, enamel reactors, stainless steel reactors, electrically heated reactors, jacketed reactors, laboratory reactors, half-tube reactors, enamel-lined reactors, high-pressure reactors, enameled glass reactors, magnetic stirrer reactors, autoclaves, steam-pressure vessels, polymerization reactors, sulfur-melting reactors, enamel reactors, crystallization reactors, sterilization reactors, distillation reactors, cracking reactors, hydrolysis reactors.